Eczema is a skin condition in which the skin of a person becomes dry, itchy, cracked and reddened. This chronic condition affects both males and females and mainly affects children. It is also known as atopic eczema or atopic dermatitis.  About 30 % of the skin diseases diagnosed will be eczema. Atopic eczema means inherited eczema.  It can occur in any part of the body and it is a long term disease. The intensity of the disease increases at some stages in the life and it needs intense treatment. Eczema can be triggered as an allergic response to various substances and situations.

The skin feels dry
Some areas of the skin appear cracked
 The skin in particular areas becomes itchy and may appear as raw  if scratching is uncontrollable
The itching increases at night
Thickened areas of the skin due to scratching
Some areas of the skin become red and inflamed
Some of the inflamed areas of the skin develop blisters and starts oozing liquid
The skin develops red, brown or gray colored patches
There will be bumps appearing on the skin

Eczema is commonly found in people with a history of atopic diseases such as asthma, hay fever and other allergies. Usually 90 % of the patients develop the condition before reaching 5 years of age.  The rashes begin on face, scalp, hands and feet. In adults the rashes are seen inside the knees and elbows, neck, hands and feet.   Though the exact cause or the eczema attack is not known, it can flare up when exposed to certain triggers like

Allergens- this includes pet hair, dander, pollen, mold, foods such as eggs, nuts, dairy products, wheat, shellfish etc.  These allergens also trigger asthma and hay fever.
Skin Irritants- perfumes, household chemicals, harsh soaps, alcohol containing skin- products, tight clothing, wool are the main skin irritants.
Climatic Conditions- excess heat and low or high humidity triggers eczema.  The dry skin conditions during winter also triggers the flare-up.
Water- hot baths and hard water trigger eczema.
Cold Or Flu- infections of the body triggers eczema
Stress- when the stress increases the dryness of the skin and itching increases.
Foods –certain foods cause allergic reactions in sensitive people. The food items which may cause allergy includes cow’s milk, eggs, nuts, soya, wheat etc.

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